L1/L2 Chains

Stage Definitions

S0
Stage 0
No PQ capability deployed
S1
Stage 1
PQ accounts usable (4337/7702)
S2
Stage 2
Native PQ accounts (7701 + precompiles)
S3
Stage 3
Migration path operational
S4
Stage 4
Post-Quantum Consensus Layer
ChainTypeStagePQ VerifierPrecompilesEIP-7701ZK RecoveryPQ ConsensusNotesLinks
EthereumL1
Stage 0
Kohaku PQ account deployment
Arbitrum OneL2
Stage 0
N/AInherits L1 contracts when deployed
BaseL2
Stage 0
N/AInherits L1 contracts when deployed
OP MainnetL2
Stage 0
N/AInherits L1 contracts when deployed
StarknetL2
Stage 0
N/ASTARK-native, no PQ Account
LineaL2
Stage 0
N/AZK rollup, no PQ support yet
zkSync EraL2
Stage 0
N/ANative AA, no PQ signature support

Stage Progression Path

Stage 0 → 1: Deploy PQ signature verifier as smart contract

Stage 1 → 2: Precompiles (EIP-8051/8052) + EIP-7701 implementation

Stage 2 → 3: ZK-recovery circuits + governance-enabled freeze mechanism

Stage 3 → 4: Consensus layer migration (BLS12-381 → PQ aggregatable signatures)